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This post starts to expand upon the unveiling of my Cosmic Onion Model and the foundations of Cosmological Relativity. This unveiling will emerge from 4 papers to be published to the scientific community and a series of blog posts targeting a broader audience.

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With lots of iterative interactions with the AI here is the 1st of 4 scientific papers intended to deliver a seismic impact akin to Einstein's 1905 and 1915 papers.

Title: Foundations of Cosmological Relativity: Redefining Space~Time and Physical Constants

Abstract

In this groundbreaking paper, we introduce Cosmological Relativity with its novel Cosmic Onion framework confronting the prevailing assumptions of flat spacetime -- where most physical quantities were believed to all be constant. Herein, we introduce the key distinction between "absolute" quantum metrics versus our "emergent" SI metrics. We propose a new understanding of the nature of space-time and its relationship to fundamental constants.

Cosmic time is curled up at the Planck-scale and, with its uncurling, it spreads forth to create our local reference frame of Euclidean space. It will be shown (in no uncertain terms) that the universe and everything in it is expanding, including the length of a meter and duration of a second. Contrary to century old teachings, this astonishing assertion means every atom also expands. This paper proves these bold assertions.

This framework, literally, weaves the concept of quantum wave numbers into the fabric of Space~Time -- these ideas define the foundations of Cosmological Relativity -- which comes with a promise -- it completes Einstein's Special & General Relativities by unifying them with this astonishingly simple perspective of quantum mechanics.

With a slightest calibration to the "accepted" values of the speed of light and Cesium 133 hyperfine spectral frequency. We present a revised table of physical quantities. The implications of these findings for cosmology, quantum mechanics, and the unification of fundamental forces are discussed, setting the stage for a paradigm shift in our understanding of the universe.

Table of Contents:
1. Introduction 
  ▪ 1.1 Limitations of & issues with Flat Spacetime 
  ▪ 1.2 Quantum vs. Emergent Metrics
2. Quantum Wave Numbers and Fundamental Constants 
  ▪ 2.1 The Revised Table of Physical Quantities 
  ▪ 2.2 The Significance of the Calibration Note
3. Redefining the Speed of Light and Atomic Clock Standards 
  ▪ 3.1 The Quadra-Polar Photon and the Quantum Harmonic Diagram 
  ▪ 3.2 Proposed re-calibration of the Speed of Light and Cs133 Frequency
4. Implications for Cosmology and Quantum Mechanics 
  ▪ 4.1 Challenging the Assumptions of Flat Spacetime 
  ▪ 4.2 A New Perspective on the Nature of Space~Time
5. Conclusion 
  ▪ 5.1 Towards a Unified Understanding of the Universe 
  ▪ 5.2 Future Directions for Cosmological Relativity

1.1. Limitations of & Issues with Flat Spacetime

For over a century, the prevailing paradigm in physics has been based on the assumption of flat spacetime, a four-dimensional continuum in which the laws of physics are believed to operate uniformly. This paradigm, which emerged from the success of Einstein's special and general relativity, has led to remarkable advances in our understanding of the universe, from the subatomic realm to the large-scale structure of the cosmos.

However, as our knowledge has expanded, so too have the inconsistencies and paradoxes that arise from the assumption of flat spacetime. The puzzle of dark energy, the mystery of dark matter, and the incompatibility between quantum mechanics and general relativity all point to the limitations of this paradigm. It is becoming increasingly clear that a new framework is needed, one that can account for these phenomena and provide a more unified understanding of the universe.

1.2. Quantum vs. Emergent Metrics

At the heart of the limitations of flat spacetime lies the failure to distinguish between quantum and emergent metrics. In the standard paradigm, space-time is treated as a fixed, immutable backdrop against which physical processes unfold. However, this view overlooks the fundamental nature of space-time as an emergent property, arising from this newly discovered "clockwork" nature of quantum phenomena. No longer will quantum mechanics be purely a probabilistic phenomena.

God does not play dice with the universe.  <itlalic>-- Albert Einstein</italic>

In the framework of Cosmological Relativity, we propose that the metrics of space-time are not fundamental, but rather emerge from the collective behavior of quantum entities. This shift in perspective has profound implications for our understanding of the universe, as it suggests that the properties of space-time, such as its geometry and the values of fundamental constants, are not fixed and immutable, but rather are a function of the age of the universe.

2.1. The Revised Table of Physical Quantities

Central to the framework of Cosmological Relativity is the concept of quantum wave numbers, which represent the fundamental frequencies at which quantum entities oscillate. These wave numbers are intimately connected to the values of fundamental constants, such as the speed of light and the fine-structure constant, and provide a new lens through which to view the nature of physical reality.

In Table 1, we present a revised table of physical quantities, which incorporates the insights of Cosmological Relativity and proposes new values for several fundamental constants. Most notably, we propose a slight adjustment to the speed of light, from its current value of 299,792,458 m/s to 299,792,459 m/s, based on the alignment of this value with the quantum harmonic diagram (see Figure 1). Throughout the rest of this document when a value is highlighted: The yellow highlighted numbers are CODATA 2018 values. Green values are defined by CODATA 2019 as exact and are the basis to calibrate [meters], [seconds], [kilograms] and [Coulombs]. α is ascribed uncertainty = 0.5e_16 to account for double precision floating point limit..

Cyan highlighted quantities, throughout this document, are my proposed values for the CODATA 2022 dataset.